Method of extruding elements, especially made of metal, and a system for extruding elements, especially made of metal

ABSTRACT

A method of extruding elements, especially made of metal, and a system for extruding elements, especially made of metal, are employed for production of elements by means of extrusion. The material is deflected from the infeed wheel tangentially or at an angle within 90° and is caused to flow locally within the area of the die, by the mandrel&#39;s rotary action. This method is executed in a system where in the gap&#39;s output area there is a wedge to deflect the direction of exit of the material fed by the rotating infeed wheel, and in the space between the friction block and the deflection wedge there is a mandrel caused to cyclically move bidirectionally at frequency of (0.1-10) Hz, whose face contacts the material in the area of transfer into the die.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED U.S. APPLICATIONS

Not applicable.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable.

NAMES OF PARTIES TO A JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT

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REFERENCE TO AN APPENDIX SUBMITTED ON COMPACT DISC

Not applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The subject of invention is the method of extruding elements, especiallymade of metal, and a system for extruding elements, especially made ofmetal, employed for production of elements by means of extrusion.

2. Description of Related Art Including Information Disclosed Under 37CFR 1.97 and 37 CFR 1.98

The method of extruding an element by means of cyclic changes ofdeformation path using the phenomenon of local plasticizing duringextrusion was presented in Materials Science and Technology, issue No.16 (2000), page 664 and following, and called the KOBO method.

The Materials Processing Technology, issue No. 104 (2000) presents amethod of extruding elements on an extrusion wheel, called COMFORMprocess, using the phenomenon of plasticizing material during rapidchange of movement direction within the area of transferring thematerial through the die's calibrating orifice.

The Polish patent claim P 388159 presents methods of angular extrusionof elements, especially made of metal, where in the input cylinder, themandrel cyclically performs a rotary movement in the die's calibratingorifice.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the invention, namely the method of extruding elements,especially made of metal, by transferring the input material in the gapbetween the infeed wheel and the friction block and extruding it througha die, consists in that in the output area the material is deflectedfrom the infeed wheel tangentially or at an angle within 90° and themandrel's rotary action causes it to flow locally within the area of thedie.

This method is executed in the system for extruding elements, especiallymade of metal, consisting of an infeed wheel and a friction block, witha gap for transferring the material between the infeed wheel and thefriction block, the gap ending with a shaped die, and in the gap'soutput area there is a wedge to deflect the direction of exit of thematerial fed by the rotating infeed wheel, and in the space between thefriction block and the deflection wedge there is a mandrel caused tocyclically move bidirectionally at a frequency of (0.1-10) Hz, whoseface contacts the material in the area of transfer into the die.

It is preferred that the die makes up the mandrel.

It is also preferred that the mandrel is made up by a roller, whose faceis situated in the area of the die's calibrating orifice, with outflowaxis generally perpendicular to the direction of movement of thematerial.

It is also preferred that the mandrel is made up by a two-diameterroller, and the face of the end of the roller with smaller diameter issituated in the area of the die's calibrating orifice.

It is also preferred that the mandrel's face has shaped inlets andsplines.

The employment of the solution presented in the invention intensifiesthe phenomenon of plasticized flow of material in the die's area, whichcreates optimal conditions for the process of plastic processing ofmetals, especially with regard to extrusion. The effect consists in agreatly reduced deformation effort, reduced consumption of tools andreduced consumption of energy for the process. It allows the eliminationof the thermal processing possibly required during the operation andconsequently chemical processing. Significant deformation is achieved ina single operation, which is difficult, or even impossible to achievewith conventional processes. The localized plastic flow of materialsmakes it possible to obtain small grain structure of elements, whichincreases the elements' strength properties. Elements manufactured withthis method and in a system according to the invention feature very goodreflection of the shape of tools.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

The subject of the invention, in the demonstration, but not limited toit, is presented by illustrating the method of extrusion, but forpurposes of more accurate illustration, in the first place the diagramin the drawing shows a system for extruding elements, in the form of afragment of the infeed wheel with the die in a section where the surfaceis perpendicular to the wheel's axis, and FIG. 1 shows the mandrel, madeup by the die, and FIG. 2 shows the mandrel, made up by the rollersituated with its face in the area of the die's calibrating orifice, andFIG. 3 shows the mandrel made up by the two-diameter roller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The system for extruding elements, especially made of metal, consists ofthe infeed wheel 1 and the friction block 2, with the gap 3 fortransferring the material 4 between the two parts. The gap 3 ends withthe shaped die 5. In the output area, the gap 3 has a wedge 6 to deflectthe direction of exit of the material 4 after it is supplied with theinked wheel's movement. In the space between the friction block 2 andthe deflecting wedge 6 there is a mandrel 7 caused to rotatebidirectionally and cyclically at frequency of (0.1-10) Hz, whose facecontacts the material in the area of transfer into the die 5.

There is a version of the system, shown in FIG. 1, where the mandrel 7is made up by the die 5.

There is also a version of the system, shown in FIG. 2, where themandrel 7 is made up by the roller, whose face is situated in the areaof the calibrating orifice 8 of the die 5, whose outflow axis isgenerally perpendicular to the direction of the movement of thematerial.

There is also a version of the system, shown in FIG. 3, where themandrel 7 is made up by a two-diameter roller, and the face of the endof the roller with smaller diameter is situated in the area of thecalibrating orifice 8 of the die 5.

There are also versions of the system, where the mandrel's 7 face foreach of the versions presented above has shaped inlets and splines.

The system shown above serves to execute the method of extrudingelements, especially made of metal. The material 4 to be extruded isintroduced into the gap 3 between the infeed wheel 1 and the frictionblock 2. The gap ends with a shaped die 5. In the output area, thematerial 4 is deflected on the wedge 6 in the direction of thematerial's 4 exit after extrusion. In the space between the frictionblock 2 and the deflection wedge 6 the material 4 is subject to cyclicalvibrations by the mandrel 7 caused to cyclically rotate bidirectionallyat frequency of (0.1-10) Hz, whose face is in contact with the material4 in the area of transfer to the die 5. In order to increase themandrel's 7 action on the material, the mandrel's 7 face has inlets andspines, not shown in the figure.

By subjecting the material 4 to vibrational action of the mandrel 7, thematerial 4 is plasticized in the area of the calibrating orifice 8 ofthe die, which reduces the energy required to execute the process ofcalibrating the material in the die 5, in order to produce the finalproduct, namely the wire 9.

1. A method of extruding elements, especially made of metal, bytransferring input material in a gap between an infeed wheel and afriction block and extruding it through a die, wherein in an output areathe material is deflected from the infeed wheel tangentially or at anangle within 90° and is caused to flow locally within the die area, bythe mandrel's rotary action.
 2. A system for extruding elements,especially made of metal, wherein an infeed wheel and a friction block,with a gap for transferring the material between the infeed wheel andthe friction block, the gap ending with a shaped die, and in the gap'soutput area there is a wedge to deflect the direction of exit of thematerial fed by the rotating infeed wheel and in the space between thefriction block and the deflection wedge there is a mandrel caused tocyclically move bidirectionally at frequency of (0.1-10) Hz, whose facecontacts the material in the area of transfer into the die. 3.(canceled)
 4. The system according to claim 2, wherein the mandrel ismade up by the die.
 5. The system according to claim 2, wherein themandrel is made up by a roller, whose face is situated in the area ofthe calibrating orifice of the die, with outflow axis deflected from thecurrent the direction of movement of the material, generallyperpendicularly.
 6. (canceled)
 7. The system according to claim 2,wherein the mandrel is made up by a two-diameter roller, and the face ofthe end of the roller with smaller diameter is situated in the area ofthe calibrating orifice of the die.
 8. The system according to claim 2,wherein the mandrel's face has shaped inlets and splines.